Free Will Determinism Essay -- essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Every day in our lives and everything we do involves some degree of decision making or choice selection either mental or physical. We start making choices and decisions from the moment we wake up everyday to the second we sleep. Some decisions we make are blatantly obvious to ourselves because of our need to reflect on the choices before choosing. However, most decisions we make throughout the day are made without much thought. We are even, quite often, unaware that we are making decisions due to habituation and preference. Before going further, we must define the terms free will, determinism and fate or destiny. Free will is the ability to choose. Furthermore, it is the power of making free choices that are unconstrained by external circumstances or by an agency such as fate. Fate, or destiny, can be defined as the inevitable events predestined by this force. However, there is a better position to take when it comes to arguing against free will; and that position, or belief, is call ed determinism. Determinism states that the conditions at one moment are the necessary result from the â€Å"previous† conditions. Simply put, every effect has a cause, every action is predetermined. Unlike fate or destiny, it does not mean the future is already established. It is one thing to say that our choice is caused. It is another thing to say that we do not choose, and fate says, we cannot choose. This is definitely an endless argument given that it is a matter of personal opinion with no facts involved. However, free will definitely seems like the most plausible standpoint. We do have free will. First of all, we can all experience something within ourselves that we can conclude to be a decision making process. These decisions we make are obviously made from our own will and not determined by anything other than ourselves. Baron Holbach, an 18th century French philosopher, believes that free will is an illusion. According to Holbach, we have no choice in anything because everything is predetermined. Holbach also states that our decision making boils down to preference. For example, if Bob walked into an ice cream store filled with numerous flavors, it would seem that Bob is free to choose any flavor he wants. Holbach would have to argue that Bob has already made a decision in his mind before walking in due to vanilla being his favorite flavor, h... ... that neurons firing chemicals and so forth could have deterministically resulted in his choice of vanilla. There are arguments which claim that free will is an illusion. It is an illusion that we accept because of our inability to observe all of the processes going on involved with making a choice. Basically, this point of view states that we are unaware and have a lack of understanding for numerous processes present within human thought. Despite the differences between free will and determinism or fatalism, there is some middle ground. Libertarian is the belief that free will is affected by human nature but retains ability to choose contrary to our nature and desires. This is a balance between the ideas from free will and determinism. This is a good stance because of its incorporation of both views. This whole argument about free will is purely subjective. However, it seems that there are stronger arguments for the idea of free will as opposed to determinism and fatalism. As was stated earlier, it would seem rather pessimistic to view the world as a determinist. Just by being a determinist, one is choosing not to believe in free will which is an example of free will in itself.

Thicketwood Ltd

Management of Organizations COMM 1006 Operations Thicketwood Ltd Problem Statement The current production process that Thicketwood Ltd is utilizing can no longer keep with the demand of custom kitchen cabinets. Management must implement a new step to the production line to increase efficiency; however, they must also maintain quality as the customers that are purchasing these cabinets expect top quality for the amount of money they are paying. Problems/Sub problems/IssuesIn the Thicketwood Ltd case there are a few problems and issues that need to be addressed immediately in order to keep up with demand. The current process that involves strictly human labor is no longer efficient as the demand for cabinets continues to increase. The current process has 5 steps which include cutting, drilling, routing, assembling, and finishing the cabinets. The third step in this process takes the longest amount of time to complete and also has the highest number of employees working on it.This step causes a bottleneck and everything is becoming backed up at this stage. Management needs to implement a change in order to try to become more efficient and meet demand but also continue to make quality cabinets. The company has come across an option that they believe will eliminate the bottleneck and allow the supply to meet demand. The option the company believes would be the most beneficial is a Computer Numeric Controlled (CNC) router. The decision that must be made is either to purchase the new machine or the old machine.Each machine has a different price and different life expectancy. By purchasing and implementing this machine to the production process it would also eliminate jobs on the production line, which may result in employees being transferred to different areas or may cause some layoffs which as a result can have a negative impact on the relationship between workers and management which is currently very good as a result of wages and benefits and there have been very few layoffs in the past. Analysis For Thicketwood Ltd, the quality of their cabinets is the most important aspect.Their target market is individuals or families of higher income that are willing to spend more money for a specialty product which is the custom kitchen cabinets. When people are out shopping for the custom products, price is generally not of big concern in comparison to quality and service. Thicketwood Ltd needs to ensure quality, ensure that their service is top notch, ensure that the quantity of cabinets produced meets the forecasted demand for that and lastly, price. As previously stated, the current system that the company uses includes five steps and all the steps are performed by hand.Although performing by hand is a good way to ensure quality, the human labor cannot keep up with the forecasted demand in all five steps. The current process is as follows: (Per Cabinet) Step 1: (1 employee) 4 cuts per part X 3feet per cut X 20 parts = 240/10ft per minute = 24min. St ep 2: (1 employee) 60 holes per cabinet X 1. 2 minutes per hole = 72min. Step 3: (4 employees) 4 employees routing 1 part each of the 4 required parts = 96min. Step 4: (1 employee) 1 worker assembling 1 cabinet = 90min. Step 5: (2 employees) 2 employees finish the cabinet = 20min.With this current process, Thicketwood Ltd cannot reach the forecasted demand of 2000 cabinets per year in all categories. Even if the company was operating at 100 percent efficiency, due to the bottleneck in step 3, the maximum amount of cabinets that can be produced in one year is 1250. 60/96 = 0. 625 X 8 hour shift X 5 days a week X 50 weeks a year = 1250 per year However, we cannot make the assumption that the company is operating at 100 percent efficiency as the employees need time to walk around and set up. To keep things more realistic we will calculate at 90% efficiency as well.Step 3 is not the only step that cannot produce 2000 cabinets a year. Here are the current numbers when the company is oper ating at 100 percent efficiency and 90 percent efficiency: Table 1. 1 | # of employees| Efficiency| Per Shift| Per Year| Step 1(24 minutes)| 1| 100%90%| 2018| 5,0004,500| Step 2(72 minutes)| 1| 100%90%| 6. 645. 976| 1,6601,494| Step 3(96 minutes)| 4| 100%90%| 54. 5| 1,2501,125| Step 4(90 minutes)| 1| 100%90%| 5. 3364. 8| 1,3341,200| Step 5(20 minutes)| 2| 100%90%| 2421. 6| 6,0005,400| | Total: 9| | | | Table 1. 1 represents 9 workers working 8 hours a day for 5 days a week and 50 weeks a year.As presented in table 1. 1, the line is unbalanced and is not meeting the quantity demanded. The CNC router can rout 1 part every 12 minutes and there are 4 parts that need to be routed so this step would now take 48 minutes as oppose to 96 minutes. The CNC router only requires 1 operator who would earn $20. 00 per hour resulting in an annually salary of $40,000. If the company were to implement the CNC router, it would allow other employees to be moved around but would also eliminate some jobs . Table 1. 2 represents the production process with the CNC router. Table 1. 2 # of employees| Efficiency| Per Shift| Per Year| Step 1(24 minutes)| 1| 100%90%| 2018| 5,0004,500| Step 2(36 minutes)| 2| 100%90%| 13. 3612. 024| 3,3403,006| Step 3(48 minutes)| 1| 100%90%| 109| 2,5002,250| Step 4(45 minutes)| 2| 100%90%| 10. 649. 576| 2,6602,394| Step 5(40 minutes)| 1| 100%90%| 1210. 8| 3,0002,700| | Total: 7| | | | Table 1. 2 represents 7 employees each working 8 hour shifts 5 shifts a week and 50 weeks a year. Although each step is now over 2000 cabinets per year, this would still not be desired for the company because some steps are still producing much larger numbers than other steps.In order to balance this line, each step will be operating at different efficiencies. We have also decided to produce 2,250 cabinets a year which will be beneficial if the forecasted demand is slightly off and if it is not we will have an additional 250 cabinets in inventory to be sold the following year . Table 1. 3 shows a balanced line. Table 1. 3 | # of employees| Efficiency| Per Shift| Per Year| Step 1| 1| 45%| 9| 2,250| Step 2| 2| 67. 37%| 9| 2,250| Step 3| 1| 90%| 9| 2,250| Step 4| 2| 84. 6%| 9| 2,250| Step 5| 1| 75%| 9| 2,250| Total: 7| | | | The line is now balanced; however, each step requires a different efficiency in order to produce 2,250. In step 1, the 1 employee will only have to work 3. 6 hours each of the 5 days for 50 weeks to complete 2,250 cabinets. In step 2 each employee will have to put forth 5. 44 hours. In step 3 the CNC router will be working all 8 hours with the operator spending his entire shift there. Step 5 requires both workers to work 6. 67 hours and step 5 requires the 1 employee to work 6 hours to complete his amount of 2,250 per year.Although they will not need to spend their entire shifts on the production line, the company is still not obligated to cut their hours down to part time. Each employee will be given miscellaneous tasks to complete onc e they are done their respective duties. Tasks will include helping load the truck, cleaning the warehouse etc. We will also need to take into consideration days where other employees are sick and cannot make into work, when and if this happens, the other employees will be forced to fill in at the respective step.Alternative Analysis There are only a few alternatives the company can choose in dealing with the problem. Before the company makes a decision they must take into consideration the pros and cons for each alternative, the incremental cost and benefits, the payback period if going with the router, and the employees. We can choose one of the following options: 1. Do not purchase the CNC router and leave the process as it currently is 2. Purchase the new CNC router 3. Purchase the used CNC routerIn choosing to not purchase the CNC router and leave the process as it currently operates would mean that we would not be able to keep up with demand, therefore this alternative is one that cannot be chosen. The new CNC router comes with a warranty of 3 years. If the company purchased the new CNC router it would cost $150,000 and a training cost of $1,500. The router has a life expectancy of 5 years which translates into an annual depreciation of $30,000. The CNC router also requires one operator who will earn $20 per hour which results in an annual salary expense of $40,000 for the company.Additional electricity for the router would run $1000 per year and maintenance would be a total of $4500 per year. The new router will allow a reduction of 3 employees out of the 15 who earn $16 per hour which results in annual savings of $96,000. In order to determine the payback period you must take the initial investment and divide it by the incremental benefits minus the incremental cost. Therefore the payback period would be: Investment= 150,000 + 1,500 = 151,500 Incremental Benefit = 96,000 Incremental costs = $40,000 + 4,500 + 1,000 = 45,500 Payback period = 151,500 / 96 ,000 – 45,500Payback period = 151,500 / 50,500 Payback Period = 3 years With the payback period being 3 years, choosing to purchase the new CNC router would be an ideal purchase for the company as the routers life expectancy is 5 years. It is also beneficial that the warranty does not expire before the payback period in case of any possible malfunctions the router may experience. The company also must take into consideration that this is needed in the production line in order to meet demand and is made with state of the art technology which can ensure top quality.The con to implementing the router is that some jobs will be eliminated which can result in a negative impact on the relationship between workers and management which is currently very strong. There is also the slight chance that the machine may not last the expected 5 years, however there is a slight chance it may last longer as well, and finally, the company would be buying the router off of High-Tech Inc. which we have had no previous relationship with in the past. The used CNC router comes with a warranty of 1 year. If the company were to go with this option it would cost $60,000 and would also have the additional $1,500 training cost.The used router has a life expectancy of 3 years which translates into an annual depreciation of $20,000. The used CNC router would also require one operator earning $20 per hour which again results in an annual salary expense of $40,000 for the operator. Additional electricity for the used router is also $1,000 and regular maintenance of $4,500 plus additional maintenance of $1,000 which comes from projections assumptions that one maintenance worker would be required to complete one extra hour of maintenance each week of operations. The used router would reduce the line by 2. workers which would result in annual savings of $80,000. In order to determine the payback period we must follow the same steps we used to determine the payback period for the new CNC ro uter: Investment = 60,000 + 1,500 = 61,500 Incremental Benefit = 80,000 Incremental Costs = 40,000 + 4,500 + 1,000 + 1,000 = 46,500 Payback Period = 61,500 / 80,000 – 46,500 Payback Period = 61,500 / 33,500 Payback Period = 1 year and 10 months (1. 835 years) In choosing to purchase the used CNC router the company would be taking a risk as the payback period is 10 months longer than the warranty given.As a result of this, if the router experiences any problems after 1 year and Thicketwood Ltd is forced to pay for the repairs due to the warranty being expired, that will cause their payback period to be extended which results in losses for the company. The used machine however, is also believed to eliminate some jobs which again can have an impact on the worker and management relationship. On the positive side to purchasing the used CNC router, it would also increase demand and allow supply to meet demand.In the event that no complications occurred with the router it would be c heaper to implement in comparison to the new CNC router. The company has also dealt with TDL products Co. before and have a good relationship with the sales representative and was confident in her ability to ensure servicing of the router if required. Decision/Recommendation The final decision on behalf of Thicketwood Ltd is going to be implement decision 2, purchase the new CNC router. We chose this decision for various reasons beginning with it is brand new, state of the art technology and has a life expectancy of 5 years along with a warranty of 3 years.The payback period and the warranty both run 3 years which is crucial in the aspect that the payback period cannot be extended if the machine has any malfunctions within the first 3 years because all the repairs will be covered. It will also increase the number of cabinets we can produce per year as a result the company will be able to meet demand even when operating at lower efficiency levels in some steps which means that if dem and happens to increase in following years the production line will be able to produce a larger number of custom cabinets.The most important aspect for Thicketwood Ltd is the quality of the cabinets and there is no better way of ensuring quality when using machines than bringing in new machines. Since the current forecasted demand is only 2000 and with the new CNC router it brings down the 9 employees needed on the production line to 7. As a result of this the company will have to lay off 2 workers which can have a negative impact on the relationship between workers and management but that is a risk the company must take in order to maintain efficiency at a controllable level.Since Thicketwood Ltd is a non-unionized company we will not have to follow any corrective steps in accordance to the layoff, however, to be fair to the other employees the layoffs will be based on seniority with the company. For the remaining employees on the production line, they will not be required to spend their entire 8 hour shifts on the production line; however, it is not in the company’s best interest to cut their hours. The following steps in table 1. 4 represent the amount of hours required by each employee on the production per shift: Table 1. | # of Employees| Hours Per Shift| Cabinets Per Year| Step 1| 1| 3. 6| 2,250| Step 2| 2| 5. 39| 2,250| Step 3| 1| 8| 2,250| Step 4| 2| 6. 77| 2,250| Step 5| 1| 6| 2,250| As a result of steps 1, 2, 4, and 5 not requiring the full 8 hour shifts to complete the demand will result in the other employees given miscellaneous tasks to fill in the remaining hours of their shifts. Duties will include cleaning the warehouse, helping load the trucks for delivery, keeping track of inventory and another possible option can be training the employee in tep 1 to make local deliveries in order to try to reduce some of the shipping costs. As previously stated, the company must also take into consideration that with the majority of the production li ne being human labor, there is a very strong possibility that there will be some sick days taken from some of the employees in which case the remaining employees will have to fill in for their co-workers in the respective step. In conclusion, implementing the purchase of the new CNC router is the best possible option and will be completed immediately.Executive Summary Thicketwood Ltd, a producer of custom kitchen cabinets is experiencing a bottleneck in their production line that will not allow them to produce the proper quantity to meet their increasing demand of their cabinets. The company must implement some new technology to the production line; however, they must also ensure quality as the cabinets the company produces are custom and more expensive than regular cabinets therefore the customers that buy these are expecting top quality.The company has explored a couple options including a Computer Numeric Controlled (CNC) router which we will be exploring the pros and cons to eac h decision throughout the case in order to come up with the best possible alternative that would be most beneficial to the company. Calculations for the Tables 1. 1 and 1. 2 Table 1. 1 Step 1 (24 minutes) 60 / 24 = 2. 5 x 8 = 20 per shift x 5 x 50 = 5000 20 per shift x 0. 9 = 18 per shift x 5 x 50 = 4500 Step 2 (72 minutes) 60 / 72 = 0. 83 x 8 = 6. 64 per shift x 5 x 50 = 1660 6. 64 per shift x 0. = 5. 976 per shift x 5 x 50 = 1494 Step 3 (96 minutes) 60 / 96 = 0. 625 x 8 = 5 per shift x 5 x 50 = 1250 5 per shift x 0. 9 = 4. 5 per shift x 5 x 50 = 1125 Step 4 (90 minutes) 60/90 = 0. 667 x 8 = 5. 336 per shift x 5 x 50 = 1334 5. 336 per shift x 0. 9 = 4. 8 per shift x 5 x 50 = 1200 Step 5 (20 minutes) 60/20 = 3 x 8 = 24 per shift x 5 x 50 = 6000 24 per shift x 0. 9 = 21. 6 per shift x 5 x 50 = 5400 Table 1. 2 Step 1 (24 minutes) 60 / 24 = 2. 5 x 8 = 20 per shift x 5 x 50 = 5000 20 per shift x 0. 9 = 18 per shift x 5 x 50 = 4500Step 2 (36 minutes) 60 / 36 = 1. 667 x 8 = 13. 36 per shi ft x 5 x 50 = 3340 13. 36 per shift x 0. 9 = 12. 024 per shift x 5 x 50 = 3006 Step 3 (48 minutes) CNC router 60 / 48 = 1. 25 x 8 = 10 per shift x 5 x 50 = 2500 10 per shift x 0. 9 = 9 per shift x 5 x 50 = 2250 Step 4 (45 minutes) 60 / 45 = 1. 33 x 8 = 10. 64 per shift x 5 x 50 = 2660 10. 64 per shift x 0. 9 = 9. 576 per shift x 5 x 50 = 2394 Step 5 (40 minutes) 60 / 40 = 1. 5 x 8 = 12 per shift x 5 x 50 = 3000 12 per shift x 0. 9 = 10. 8 per shift x 5 x 50 = 2700

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Technology has enabled people to realize many things their ancestors would not have even dreamed of. Cloning is absolutely one of them. Having identical twins without being born on the same they is like a dream come true. But what is cloning exactly? Cloning ,particularly in biotechnology, is the process used to create copies of DNA fragment, cells, or organisms. Attempts at cloning might go back to much earlier times such as the attempt made by Hans Dreisch in the late 1800’s to clone a sea urchin, but it was not until 1951, when the first successful clone of frog egg was created, that goal was finally achieved. Still, the world had to wait for another 44 years before the first mammal was cloned. It was certainly sensational when the first cloned mammal, a sheep named Dolly was born on 5th July 1996. Since it was a milestone in human story, Dolly gained a world-wide fame overnight and took its place in the front pages of many newspapers and even tabloids next to celebrities. 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The DNA of the twoRead MoreCloning : A Debate Of Morals And Human Rights862 Words   |  4 PagesIn the creation of technological advances that survives today, the dispute of cloning is ever existent as a debate of morals and human rights. People are asking if we have the right to clone humans and other animals. Cloning, the process of taking a cell from one organism, taking a donor womb cell from another organism of the same species, inserting the original cell in the donor cell, and placing the newly developed embryo inside a surrogate mother. This is an inhumane desecration of human rightsRead MoreA Research Study On Stem Cells And Cloning977 Words   |  4 PagesMy Biology Report is going to Stem cells but in this report I am going to tell about strm cells and cloning but i am only briefly going to talk about it I will tell you facts pros and cons what is stem cells.And what it is period.But for cloniing i am just goin g to tell you what it is and what is bad about it. The term cloning accounts a number of different courses that can be used to produce genetically alike clones of a biological entity. The doubled material, which has the equal genetic makeupRead More Embryonic vs. Adult Stem Cells in Research Essay1615 Words   |  7 Pagesappear to present the acute danger associated with embryonic stem cells: the tendency to grow uncontrollably causing tumors or even cancers. This should be a big story considering the intense controversy over embryonic-stem-cell research (ESCR) and the coming attempt in the United States Senate to outlaw human cloning (S.790). Indeed, the New York Times and Washington Post consider embryonic-stem-cell research so important - including the manufacture and use of human-clone embryos in such experimentsRead MoreDoes Religion Really Allow Cloning?1228 Words   |  5 Pages Does Religion Really Allow Cloning? I personally think this is a very controversial topic as, I do not think the idea of cloning was even thought of, when any type of religion was established. But to my surprise, many different religions have views on cloning, in the Quran (Holy Book Of Islam), Bible (Holy Book Of Christians) and also the Torah (Holy Book Of The Jewish). The rise of the current age and the period of reason triggered the beginning of cutting edge exploratory investigations andRead MoreStem Cell Research Controversy Essay681 Words   |  3 PagesThe controversy over stem cell research’s use in the medical field is almost two decades old. So why the sudden intense return of fierce political debates over an old issue? It’s because President Obama recently revoked the ban on stem cell research, as he believes it holds the potential to revolutionize the medical industry in the years to come. As USA Today quoted him saying in March, after he stopped restricting federal funding for stem cell re search, At this moment, the full promise of stemRead MoreThe Ethical Debate Concerning Cloning Essay6336 Words   |  26 PagesThe Ethical Debate Concerning Cloning In the year that has elapsed since the announcement of Dollys birth, there has been much discussion of the ethical implications of cloning humans. Although the simple use of the word clone may have negative connotations, many people have resigned themselves to the idea of cloning cows that produce more milk or using a cloned mouse for use in controlled experimentation. However,Read MoreHuman Embryonic Stem Cells1916 Words   |  8 Pagespluripotent stem cells into specific cell types (neurons, muscle cells, etc.). To create new cell lines, it is necessary to destroy preimplantation blastocysts. This has led to an intense debate that threatens to limit embryonic stem research. The profound ethical issues raised call for informed, dispassionate debate. Debate currently centers on the moral status of these embryos, which are now stored at in vitro fertilization (IVF) clinics/ created by somatic cell nuclear transfer. What is the moralRead MoreThe Impact of Roe V. Wade1738 Words   |  7 Pagesled to later health problems, sterility or even death,† (Purdy, 2005). When the U.S Supreme Court ruled in 1973 that a womans right to privacy included her choice to have an abortion, few predicted the decision would be the subject of such intense debate a quarter of a century later. Perhaps no other ruling since then has had a greater impact on the lives of American women and their families than Roe v. Wade, 410 U.S. 113 (1973), according to Hontz, 1998. Twenty five years later, Gloria FeldtRead MoreA Caveat to the Pursuit of Knowledge1000 Words   |  4 PagesScience sometimes unearths questions that should not be answered, and those answers may grow to control one’s life. When Frankenstein studied â€Å"natural philosophy† in university, it â€Å"regulated [his] fate† (27). This suggests that Frankenstein’s intense desire for knowledge, not Frankenstein himself, controls how his life would play out. Since the reanimation of dead flesh (prior to Frankenstein’s doing so) seemed impossible, Frankenstein’s drive to do so uncovers unanswerable questions; his determination

Marxist Approach - Free Sample

Question: What are the main features of the Marxist approach to the study of international relations? How persuasive do you find this view? Answer: The nativity of International Relations as an obedience is associated to apprehensions regarding the continuation of divergences among Nations. This apprehension arrives at a soaring echelon in this century subsequent to the occurrence of World Wars for the second occasion and the materialization of nuclear armaments. Formerly, the observable fact of combat had been considered by diplomats philosophers, statesmen and historians, (e.g. Hobbes, Rousseau, Machiavelli, More, etc.).Nonetheless, the donation of these theorists is not a methodical body of information: there is nonscientific loom in their speculations. Consequently, it may be said that the hypothesis of international relationships is a new one (Baylis and Smith, 2001). From the accomplishment of capitalism and the conclusion of the famous Cold War, it has become ordinary to presuppose that the thoughts of Marx might be securely dispatched to the dustbin of olden times. They required a substitute to capitalismlater than the unsuccessful experimentation ofthe Soviet Union, and later than couple of decades of this, there materializes to be a new beginning. But the theory of Marx were distinguished extremely worried about the job of finances in decisive allportions of political and societal relationships, in addition to extremely negative, offering a small number of means of authentic getaway as of to the capitalist system (Freyberg-Inan, Harrison and James, 2009). Karl Heinrich Marx (1818-1883), was a German revolutionist, philosopher and economist whose writings structure was in the foundation of the corpse of Marxism.He described the foundation of historical greediness, and along with Frederick Engels,Marx provided a description of collectivism. Both issued in the year 1848 the "Communist Manifesto" that described the progression of a communalist utopia as of to capitalism (Halliday, 1994). Even though Marx and Engels missed several hypothesis in the order of the subject matter of global relationships, Marxism has notup till now formed a complete archetype that undertake the widedifficulty of global relationships in both economic and political magnitude. There have been more than a few numbers of efforts in relation to this, but not along with a loom that obtains as its initialtip the investigation of the financial system andglobal politics. Within scope of the book written by Engels and Marx, though it do not make available references in relation to the global relationships, expands conceptions that could be convincing device, which consequently could be supplemented and unmitigated by a number of other writers for instance Lenin. Lenin premeditated the trend of imperialism as well as designated the alterations in capitalism and the changes of its nationwide and worldwide configuration. All of this was essential because of their continuous necessitate for extensive pro gress in relation to triumph over its inner disagreements as well as its velocity of profit (Greenspan, 2007). Karl Marx accede to a huge quantity of inscriptions that have been encouraged ascend to an assortment of elucidations, and have formed a number of other schools of contemplation that are associated with it. That has been developed by the main pertinent authors (Jacques, 2009). Theories of Marx are interpreted by personswho have it in mind to carry on ideas of Lenin that has been open to the elements in Imperialism, the Highest Stage of Capitalism (1917); the world structure investigation of Emmanuel Waller stein as well as the social schools founded by him, and the amalgamation recommended by persons who capture its opening in the concept of domination from the effort of Antonio Gramsci (Krieger and Crahan, 2001). In accordance with the Marxists theory, both pragmatism andbroadmindedness are merely expedient philosophies initiated by the financial leaders to protect and rationalize international disparity. In its place, it is argued by the Marxists, category is the primary component of investigation of worldwide relationships, and the global structure has been created by the higher classes of people and the richest countries in sequence to defend and secure their benefits. The stages of investigation espoused by Marxism are that of international civilization. His aspire is centered upon the thought of societal authenticity measured internationally. All of this have to be understand as of to the viewpoint of historical greediness. Its standpoint is progressive and energetic, provided that a hypothesis of societal alteration, that is to articulate, an always varying and continuously embryonic civilization (Kirchner, Dominguez. 2013). The Nations emerge as an organization providing service to the bourgeoisie, furthermore, as a device of the prevailing class of society. Consequently, the global civilization comes into view, as a civilization in which the chief players are the societal classes but not the nations, in which worldwide relationships are conquered by struggling class. The fundamental characteristic of the tactic of Marx and Engels is to examine the global relationships,is that of comprise its value asa central portion of the multifarious societal organization (Zakaria, 2008). Systematic socialism, as its inventors Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels used call it, is in opposition to the utopian socialism as a radical philosophy that is able to convert the social circumstances. Thehardback Capital; Critique of Political Economy presents a summary of principles of Marx, by learning the solemn inconsistencies of capitalism and representing a huge quantity of substitute elucidations. The thoughtful revise of financial liberalism will permit them to formulate a tough evaluation of bourgeois civilization. In the Communist Manifesto (1948), it is found that the philosophical stands between which set out: The historical greediness: It is a construal of history in accordance of which the progression of the social orders is resolute by the financial construction. There is an anxietyamong superstructure (institutions, culture...) and infrastructure (economical) that manufactures transformations in the configuration of the Nations. This is the way by which civilization has left all the way through numerous phases: the rapacious civilization, the capitalist, the feudal and the slave. The preceding one filled with controversies and has to unavoidably lead to the socialist phase (Mie ville, 2005). The significance of surplus and the accumulating laws of capital: The employee has on no account obtained the complete worth of the effort they has given, for the reason that otherwise owners would never have been supplemented. Consequently, the industrialist pertinent portion of the work of the employees is known as value of surplus. This entrepreneurship have a propensity tobe elevated, which compose the wealth mounting concerted in the possession of a small number of persons, this is the accumulating law of capital that directs to grave disagreements and is the derivation of struggling class (Payne and Nassar, 2008). Struggling of Class is, from the point of view of Marx and Engels, an irrefutable principle as there was for all time two divergent assemblages: the first one is who subjugate and the second one is the persons who are subjugated. These disagreements become the cruise of history; these struggles will finish along with the bourgeois Nation and capitalism. Class has a major role to play in the analysis of Marx, in disparity to liberalism, Marx clutch that civilization is scientificallylevel in relation to class divergence. The chief variance is among the proletariat (the workers) and the bourgeoisie (capitalists) (Svendsen and Svendsen, 2009). The authoritarianism of the working class: Later than comprising subjugated the bourgeois nationby a radical faction, it is concerning to be in charge of it and convert the civilization. Once accomplished, the working class authoritarianism or the dictatorship of working class will abscond this to build a class free society. Within the scope of this communist civilization, all means in relation to manufacturing are to be formed in a socialized manner. The nation has a propensity to evaporate (Rivoli, 2005). Within the purview of the revise of the Marxist idea of global relationships, it is essential to differentiate the most important two schools of contemplation. Inone hand, overseas strategy pursued by the earlier Soviet Union and the nations that claimed or that are demanding of this leadership. Conversely, both of the hypothetical and procedural allegations of this loom in global civilization examination have been overlooked. Within the purview of these conditions, it is essentia l to emphasize the multifaceted loom established by Marxism,along with aspects as follows: a) The societal class is the most important aspect in global atmosphere deliberation. b) There is a stab to make an entire andinternational visualization in the investigation. c) The revise is carried out from an energetic and critique viewpoint of the worldwide organism. d) There is a component in conquering the nation. After the above discussion it can be summed up that the theories originated by Marx in relation to international relations is quite useful to a certain extent, especially to the earlier period of time. But at the present social scenario it is not so well equipped for adaptation. This theories has been criticized by many experts in accordance with their perspective standpoints and it has been came into view that in modern society, the theories of Marx in inadequate as to its execution. In spite of the fact that this theory has been accepted by many great philosophers and it is also adapted by many governments also but for a developed country in the modern society it is not so fruitful, mainly in relation to financial aspects of the country. References Baylis, J. and Smith, S. (2001).The globalization of world politics. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Dasgupta, S. and Nederveen Pieterse, J. (2009).Politics of globalization. Los Angeles: SAGE. Freyberg-Inan, A., Harrison, E. and James, P. (2009).Rethinking realism in international relations. Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press. Greenspan, A. (2007).The age of turbulence. New York: Penguin Press. Halliday, F. (1994).Rethinking international relations. Vancouver: UBC Press. Jacques, M. (2009).When China rules the world. New York: Penguin Press. Krieger, J. and Crahan, M. (2001).The Oxford companion to politics of the world. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Mie ville, C. (2005).Between equal rights. Leiden: Brill. Payne, R. and Nassar, J. (2008).Politics and culture in the developing world. New York: Pearson Longman. Rivoli, P. (2005).The travels of a t-shirt in the global economy. Hoboken, N.J.: John Wiley Sons. Svendsen, G. and Svendsen, G. (2009).Handbook of social capital. Cheltenham, Glos, UK: Edward Elgar. Zakaria, F. (2008).The post-American world. New York: W.W. Norton. Kirchner, E. J., Dominguez, R. (Eds.). (2013).The security governance of regional organizations. Routledge.

Red Rooster free essay sample

Jones (2002, p. 201) discusses fast food has been one of the big success stones in UK hospitality industry during the past 20 to 30 years. Nowadays, the fast-food industry is changing rapidly; there are some significant changes that people can envision for the fast food industry. For example, technologies play important roles nowadays, so people believe that the advance technology gadgets will take over the â€Å"old-fashioned† machine that they are using now. Smartphone will automatically place an order. For example, peoples can order the food before they reach the restaurant, after they reached the restaurant they can just scan the code and get the food that they ordered earlier. It is a faster and convenient ways for people who go to work, school or other destinations overview of the Modeled Behavior (2011). Beside that, Eberts, Gisler, Brothers (1996, p. 4) argue there will be growth in the number of fast food restaurant which offer more job opportunities to people. We will write a custom essay sample on Red Rooster or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page â€Å"Many of today’s entry level workers will be part of the management team of fast food restaurants in just a few years. As the teenagers nowadays can work faster and reach the management level quickly. As hiring can make fast food grow successfully is because hiring the right workers can help to grow the business. Workers are having cooperation when they are working and they build a team work to work together. The fast food chain, Red Rooster was unable to thrive and grow when it was part of Coles-Myer chain due to the corporate structure at Coles-Myer proved to be incompatible with the essential culture and nature of a fast food industry. Chron. com(n. ) provide information for the differences between Coles-Myer(chain) and Red Rooster (franchise) is, for the chain’s company there is one parent company own all the business locations but for franchise, there is an independent owners operate individual stores. So, this is why Red Rooster cannot thrive and grow when it was part of the Coles-Myer chain. The fast-food business which are running successfully nowadays such as KFC, McDonald, Nando’s others. There is dominant management or marketing factors that permit success with the fast food business. Dominant management or marketing factors means the consumer’s buying behavior. Chron. com (n. d) offers information about what a fast food restaurant must know the customer’s wants and demands before they develop marketing and advertising strategies. There are collectibles, market segmentation, loyalty program and societal marketing. Collectibles is the collection that the fast food restaurant gives out every time when the customers bought a meal, for example McDonald, they often give the collections of the toys for every purchase of kid’s meal. Loyalty program is the frequency card program for the loyal customers. Reward people like offer people a free drink when they come to the restaurant or after they have collect 10 points or 10 drinks, then they can have a free meal or gift. Societal marketing is more likely for getting ideas than making sales. These few marketing factors had attracted a lot of customers in the fast food restaurant. The large retail chain such as Coles-Myer, Safeway, Wal-Mart and others cannot effectively compete in the fast food business. The multi-national should do a fast-food business plan in order to succeed in the fast food business. The free dictionaries defined retail chain is â€Å"a large retail store organized into department offering a variety of merchandise. † So, people do believe the large retail chain cannot effectively compete in the fast food business as the type of business they running are different. For retail chain such as Coles-Myer, they sell variety of products to the customer like shampoo, toothbrush and other groceries but for the fast-food restaurant they only sell the food but not any other product. Fast Food Business Plan offers information about the plan detailing the launch of a fast food restaurant. The plan content provides methods for forecasting daily customers’ projection, demographic data that supports the fast food restaurants, detailed financial analysis, fast food menu pricing formula and a market analysis of the fast food industry. People believe that the fast food chain will grow rapidly in the future and the advanced technology will take part of it. Red Rooster was unable to thrive and grow when it was part of Coles-Myer chain is because one is running a fast food business while Coles-Myer is the retail chain, so the type of organization is different.